What does the term "bitters" refer to in mixology?

The term "bitters" in mixology refers to concentrated flavoring agents that are used to enhance the overall taste and complexity of cocktails. Bitters are typically made from a blend of herbs, spices, fruits, and other flavoring agents that are steeped in alcohol. A few dashes of bitters can dramatically alter the flavor profile of a drink, balancing sweetness, adding depth, and providing aromatic qualities.

While carbonated mixers and sweetening agents serve specific functions in cocktail preparation, they do not provide the unique and concentrated flavors that bitters offer. Similarly, garnishes, while important for presentation and can add some flavor, do not serve the same purpose as bitters, which are specifically designed to enhance and complement the other ingredients in a cocktail. This distinction highlights the critical role that bitters play in creating well-rounded and intricate cocktails.